In total, from Mount Danhu to Mount Di, there are twenty-five mountains, spanning five thousand four hundred ninety li. The deities of these mountains all have human faces and serpent bodies. The ritual offerings for them involve burying a male rooster and a pig, with jade used as a ceremonial object. The people living near these mountains consume raw, uncooked food.
The second section of the Northern Classic begins at Mount Guancen, located east of the Yellow River. The summit has no trees but is rich in grass, and the base is full of jade. The Fen River originates here and flows west into the Yellow River.
Two hundred fifty li west is Mount Shaoyang, where the summit is rich in jade and the base in red silver. The Suan River originates here and flows east into the Fen River, where there are many fine red stones.
Fifty li north is Mount Xianyong, where the summit is rich in jade and the base in copper. The mountain is home to many roe deer and white pheasants. The Jin River originates here and flows southeast into the Fen River. The river contains many Ci fish, which resemble carp with red scales and sound like shouting. Eating them prevents arrogance.
Two hundred li further north is Mount Huqi, barren of vegetation but abundant in blue-green stones. The Sheng River originates here and flows northeast into the Fen River, where there are many blue-green jades.
Three hundred fifty li north is Mount Baisha, which spans three hundred li in width and is covered entirely in sand, with no vegetation or wildlife. The Wei River originates from the summit, flowing underground, and is abundant in white jade.
Four hundred li north is Mount Ershi, barren of vegetation and water.
Three hundred eighty li north is Mount Kuang, also barren of vegetation, but covered in snow year-round. The Kuang River originates here, flowing west into the Fu River, where there are many fine jades.
Three hundred eighty li north is Mount Zhuyu, where the summit is abundant in copper and jade, and the base is filled with pine and cypress trees. The Zhuyu River originates here and flows east into the Mao River.
Three hundred fifty li further north is Mount Duntou, where the summit is rich in gold and jade but lacks vegetation. The Mao River originates here and flows east into the Yin Marsh. The river is home to the Bubai horse, which has a white body and a cow's tail, with a single horn and a cry that sounds like a human shout.
Three hundred fifty li north is Mount Gouwu, where the summit is abundant in jade and the base in copper. A beast called the Paoxiao lives here, resembling a sheep with a human face, eyes under its armpits, tiger teeth, and human claws. Its cry sounds like a baby, and it preys on humans.
Three hundred li north is Mount Beixiao, which is free of stones, and the sunny side is rich in jade. A beast called the Dujin lives here, resembling a tiger with a white body, a dog’s head, a horse’s tail, and a pig’s mane. There is also a bird called Maomao, resembling a crow with a human face. It flies at night and rests during the day. Eating it cures illnesses.
Three hundred fifty li further north is Mount Liangqu, barren of vegetation but rich in gold and jade. The Xiu River originates here, flowing east into Yanmen, where many Jujie beasts reside. These beasts resemble monkeys with red fur and sound like pigs. A bird called Xiao, resembling a giant human with four wings and one eye, also lives here. Its cry sounds like that of a magpie, and eating it cures stomach pain and prevents pregnancy.
Four hundred li north is Mount Guguan, barren of vegetation, with snow during the summer.
Three hundred eighty li north is Mount Huguan, where the sunny side is rich in jade and the shady side in blue stones. The mountain is abundant in horses. The Huguan River originates here, flowing east into the sea, and the river is rich in red stones. The area is home to an artifact-producing workshop, where the leaves resemble willows with red veins.
Traveling five hundred li north by water and three hundred li across flowing sands leads to Mount Huan, where the summit is rich in gold and jade. The area is home to the "Three Mulberry Trees," which grow without branches and reach a height of one hundred ren. Many strange snakes live at the base.
Three hundred li north is Mount Dunti, barren of vegetation but rich in gold and jade, located near the Northern Sea.
In total, from Mount Guancen to Mount Dunti, there are seventeen mountains, spanning five thousand six hundred ninety li. The deities of these mountains all have serpent bodies and human faces. The ritual offerings involve burying a male rooster and a pig, with jade objects as part of the ceremony.
The third section of the Northern Classic begins with Mount Taihang. Its first peak is Mount Gui, where the summit is abundant in gold and jade, and the base in blue stones. A beast called Jun lives here, resembling a sheep with four horns and a horse’s tail, with spines on its back. The bird Kuao also lives here, resembling a magpie with a white body, red tail, and six legs. Both creatures make calls that sound like their names.
Two hundred li northeast is Mount Longhou, barren of vegetation but rich in gold and jade. The Juejue River originates here, flowing east into the Yellow River. The river is home to mermaids, resembling Di fish with four legs. Their cry sounds like a baby’s, and eating them prevents insanity.
Two hundred li northeast is Mount Macheng, where the summit is filled with patterned stones and the shady side is rich in gold and jade. A beast called Tianma lives here, resembling a white dog with a black head. It flies when it sees humans, and its cry sounds like its name. A bird called Juju, resembling a crow with a white head, blue body, and yellow feet, also lives here. Its call sounds like its name, and eating it prevents hunger and prolongs life.
Seventy li northeast is Mount Xian, which has jade on its summit and copper at its base. The mountain is covered with pine and cypress trees, and the grass is abundant in purple herbs. The Tiaojian River originates here and flows southwest into the Chang Marsh. The river contains a substance called “Sour Resin,” which matures once every three years. Consuming it cures leprosy.
Two hundred li northeast is Mount Tianchi, which is barren of vegetation but rich in patterned stones. A beast called the Flying Mouse lives here, resembling a rabbit with the head of a rat. It flies using its back. The Mian River originates here, flowing underground, and is abundant in yellow ochre.
Three hundred li east is Mount Yang, where the summit is rich in jade and the base in gold and copper. A beast called the Linghu lives here, resembling a cow but with a coiled neck like a vulture. Its cry sounds like its name, and eating it causes madness. A bird called the Xiangshe, resembling a multicolored pheasant, also resides here. It is both male and female. The Liu River originates here and flows south into the Yellow River. The river is home to a fish called Xianfu, which resembles a crucian carp with the body of a pig. Eating it causes vomiting.
Three hundred fifty li east is Mount Benwen, where the summit is rich in blue jade, the base in yellow ochre, and the area is abundant in red stones.
One hundred li north is Mount Wangwu, which is filled with stones. The Lian River originates here and flows northwest into the Tai Marsh.
Three hundred li northeast is Mount Jiao, where the summit is rich in jade but lacks stones. The Jiao River originates here, flowing west into the Yellow River. This river dries up in winter and flows in summer, making it a seasonal river. The area also contains two mountains, with one of them called Mount Fawan, where the summit is abundant in gold and jade.
Three hundred li south is Mount Jing, which offers a view of the Salt Merchants’ Marsh to the south and Shao Marsh to the north. The summit is abundant in various plants, including wild grapes and the herb Qin pepper. The shady side is rich in red pigment, while the sunny side is abundant in jade. A bird called Suanyu, resembling a snake with four wings, six eyes, and six legs, resides here. Its cry sounds like its name, and its appearance foretells fear in the region.
Three hundred twenty li southeast is Mount Mengmen, where the summit is rich in blue jade and gold, while the base is abundant in yellow ochre and red stones.
Three hundred twenty li southeast is Mount Ping, where the Ping River originates, flowing underground and rich in fine jade.
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