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Classic of Mountains and Seas — Classic of Regions Beyond the Seas: The South, Scroll Six


 The land that is supported, between the six directions, within the four seas, is illuminated by the sun and moon, governed by the stars and constellations, and measured by the four seasons, regulated by the Great Year. The divine spirits are born here, and its creatures take different forms, some immortal, some long-lived, but only the sage can understand their ways.

From the southwest corner of the overseas regions to the southeast corner:

The Jie Xiong Kingdom lies to the southwest, and its people have chests that are bound.

Mount Nan is to the southeast. From this mountain comes an insect that transforms into a snake, and the snake is called a fish. Another version says that Mount Nan is southeast of Jie Xiong.

The Bi Yi Bird is to the east; this bird has two wings and its body is green and red. Two birds share a single pair of wings. Another version says it is east of Mount Nan.

The Feathered People Kingdom is southeast; its people are tall, with wings growing from their bodies. Another version says it is southeast of the Bi Yi Bird, and its people have long cheeks.

There are two divine beings, each with eight arms, joined at the arms. They serve as the Emperor's night overseers in this wilderness. They are east of the Feathered People. These small people have red cheeks and shoulders. Altogether, there are sixteen of them.

The Bi Fang Bird is to the east, west of the Blue Waters. It has a human face and one leg. Another version says it is east of the two divine beings.

The Yan Guan Tou Kingdom is to the south; its people have human faces, wings, and bird beaks, and they fish. Another version says it is east of the Bi Fang Bird. Some call it the Yan Guan Zhu Kingdom.

The Yanhuo Kingdom is south of that kingdom. Its creatures have the bodies of beasts and are black in color, breathing fire from their mouths. Another version says it is east of the Yan Guan Zhu Kingdom.

The Three Trunk Tree is north of the Yanhuo Kingdom, growing on the Red Waters. It resembles a cypress tree, and its leaves are all like pearls. Another version says the tree is like a broom.

The Sanmiao Kingdom is east of the Red Waters, and its people follow each other. Another version calls it the Three Hair Kingdom.

The <Unknown> Kingdom is to the east; its people are yellow and skilled at using bows to shoot snakes. Another version says the <Unknown> Kingdom is east of the Three Hair Kingdom.

The Guan Xiong Kingdom is to the east; its people have holes in their chests. Another version says it is east of the <Unknown> Kingdom.

The Jiao Jing Kingdom is to the east; its people have large crossed legs. Another version says it is east of the Guan Xiong Kingdom.

The Immortal People are to the east; their skin is black, they are long-lived, and they do not die. Another version says they are east of the Guan Xiong Kingdom.

The Qi She Kingdom is to the east. Another version says it is east of the Immortal People.

Kunlun Mountain lies to the east, and it is a square-shaped void. Another version says it is east of the Qi She Kingdom, and it too is a square-shaped void.

Yi fought Zao Chi in the fields of Shouhua. Yi shot and killed him. This occurred east of Kunlun. Yi carried a bow and arrows, while Zao Chi carried a shield. Another version says it was a spear.

The Three-Headed Kingdom is to the east; its people have one body and three heads.

The Zhou Ruo Kingdom is to the east; its people are short and small, wearing crowns and belts. Another version says the Zhou Ruo Kingdom is east of the Three-Headed Kingdom.

The Long-Armed Kingdom is to the east; its people catch fish from the water, holding one fish in both hands. Another version says they are east of the Zhou Ruo Kingdom, catching fish from the sea.

Mount Di, where Emperor Yao is buried in the sunny region and Emperor Ku is buried in the shady region. Here, there are bears, wild boars, patterned tigers, apes, leopards, red tigers, and flesh-eating creatures. Xuyan and King Wen are also buried there. Another version calls it Mount Tang. Another version says there are bears, wild boars, patterned tigers, apes, leopards, red tigers, Qiujingjiu, and flesh-eating Hu Jiao.

Its vast forest extends for three hundred li.

The Southern Zhu Rong, with the body of a beast and the face of a man, rides two dragons.

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